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| Coating | Process | Characteristics | Properties | Comparison Data |
| Areas of Application | Incentives for Application | Applications |

 

Coating

  • PEPCOAT is a very hard, corrosion and wear resistant deposit of Phosphorous-Nickel metal alloy.
  • The hardness of the coating is 45-50 Rockwell C and with heat treatment compares with that of hard-chrome.
  • PEPCOAT has excellent adhesion to base metal and does not flake off.

 

 


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Process

  • PEPCOAT is deposited on the metal surface by an autocatalytic reduction process, which does not depend on the presence of galvanic action.
  • The phosphorous content in the deposit is controlled by the process conditions.
  • By varying the operating parameters the desired physical properties of the coating can be obtained.
  • This process is often referred to as ELECTROLESS NICKEL beacause, unlike Electroplating no electric current is required for deposition.

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Characteristics

  • PEPCOAT deposits uniformly on all areas of the substrate because no electric current is required in the process.
  • The geometry of the part is not a limitation and intricate parts with holes and deep recesses can be uniformly coated.
  • The electroless coating leaves no rack marks, and the deposit thickness is even on all surfaces of the part.
  • Tolerance measureable in microns can be maintained.
  • PEPCOAT can be selectively deposited by masking off desired areas.
  • PEPCOAT reproduces the finish of the substrate, and in appearance is similar to semi polished to polished Stainless Steel.
  • No post finishing operation such as grinding is required and the deposit can be polished or buffed to obtain mirror finish.
  • PEPCOAT can be applied to almost any substrate including Cast Iron, Steels, Stainless Steels, Copper, Aluminium, Nickel, Brass, Bronze, Titanium.....

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Properties

Material Alloy of Phosphorous-Nickel
Density 7.9 gm/cc
Melting Point 880 C
Hardness 480 - 500 VHN*
Maximum Hardness Over 1000 VHN
Wear Resistence After heat treatment compares with hard-chrome
Corrosion Resistance Resistant to many organic and inorganic environments. Retards stress corrosion.
Ductility Thin foil of coating can be bent 360o around a 3mm mandrel without breaking
Tensile Strength Around 100,000 psi
Adhesion 30,000 to 60,000 psi to steel
Thermal Conductivity 0.01 cal/cm/sec/oC
Electrical Resistance 75 microohm-cm as deposited. Reduceable to less than 20 microohm-cm
Thermal Expansion Coefficient 12-13 micron/m/oC
Magnetic Susceptibility Non-magnetic. Can be made magnetic

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Comparison Data

     

PEPCOAT

HARD CHROME

ELECTROPLATED NICKEL

Structure
Amorphous
Crystalline:Porous deposit with microcrack network
Crystalline
Hardness: As Deposited
500-550 VHN
1000-1100 VHN
160-180 VHN
Heat Treated
Over 1000 VHN

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Wear Resistance
Excellent
Excellent
Poor
Corrosion Protection
Excellent
Poor because of microcracks in structure
Good
Throwing Power
Infinite
Very Poor
Fair
Uniformity of Deposit
Excellent
Very Poor
Fair
Post Finishing
None
Essential

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Limitation on objects that can be coated
None
Yes, Severe Limitation
Yes

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Areas of Application

PEPCOAT is a cost effective answer to many engineering needs, and finds applications in numerous industries and areas such as ....

Chemical Petroleum Glass
Marine / Seawater Food Processing Dairy
Textile Printing Pharmaceutical
Medical Electronics Computer
Moulds and Dies Packaging / Handling Aerospace

Typical objects that can be coated are:
Needles,  Fasteners,  Diode Cans,  Heat Sinks,  Threaded Fittings,  Valves,  Sprockets,  Gears,  Pump Impellers  and Casings,  Blowers, Shafts,  Glass and  plastic  Moulds,  Dies,  Textile Rollers,  Piping,  Screw  Conveyors,  Pneumatic Cylinders, Heat Exchangers and Chemical Vessels.

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Incentives for Application

Regardless of the application, the primary benefit of PEPCOAT is to allow superior performance at reduced costs

The incentives PEPCOAT offers are:

LOWER CAPITAL INVESTMENT
REDUCED OPERATING COST
LOWER MAINTENANCE COST
IMPROVED EQUIPMENT OPERABILITY
INCREASED MACHINE RELIABILITY 

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Applications

PEPCOAT is a functional engineering coating with a unique and unusual combination of properties.  It is commonly used for a number of different but often complementary reasons, such as to:

(i) provide superior corrosion protection
The Phosphorous-Nickel deposit is resistant to attack by almost all chemicals except strong oxidizing acids and salts.  PEPCOAT is superior to electrolytic deposits, especially in outdoor exposure, because of its perfect coating coverage, low porosity, uniform thickness, and amorphous deposit.

(ii) impart hardness and excellent wear resistance
PEPCOAT can be heat treated to equal hard-chrome hardness and wear resistance; in many applications, it is superior because it is highly corrosion resistant and requires no post-finishing operation such as grinding which can possibly impair the fatigue strength of the coated object.

(iii)  reduce friction and galling
PEPCOAT has natural lubricity and its smoothness minimises wear and prevents damage of mating surfaces.  Galling of metals like Aluminium can be prevented by coating one of the two mating surfaces.

(iv)  provide easy-release, self-polishing surface
The surface properties and uniform deposition characteristics make PEPCOAT superior to any other metal finish for moulds and dies.  In moulding of plastics like ABS and PVC, PEPCOAT provides far better protection than hard-chrome against the generated corrosive fumes.

(v)  improve solderability
PEPCOAT is extensively used in the Electronics Industry - 0n semi-conductor and thermo-electric devices a layer of PEPCOAT provides a low-resistance solderable contact.

(vi) prevent product contamination
Many products, such as solvents, though not corrosive to steel, are contaminated or discoloured by iron oxides.  PEPCOAT prevents rusting of steel nd ensures product purity.  Phosphorous -Nickel coating, approved by foreign regulatory agencies such as FDA and USDA for direct contact with sensitive products , is extensively used in the Dairy, Food and Pharmaceutical Industry.

(vii)  replace expensive material of construction
There are numerous engineering examples where expensive materials are used solely to obtain specific surface properties.  In such applications a cheaper base metal coated with PEPCOAT offers an economical alternative.

(viii)  salvage
PEPCOAT can be used to salvage worn and mismachined parts at substantial cost savings.                                  

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